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CENTRIFUGAL MACHINE.

No. 599,422. Patented Feb. 22, 1898. I

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FRANZ HUGERSHOFF, OF LEIPSIC, GERMANY.

CENTRlFUGAL MACt-HNE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 599,422, dated February 22, 1898.

Application filed August 2, 1897. 8erial No. 646,748. (No model.) Patented in Germany July 23, 1894, No. 80,088, and in England October 16, 189 1, No. 18,971.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANZ Huennsnorr, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Leipsic, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Centrifugal Machines, (for which I have obtained British Letters Patent No. 18,971, dated October 16, 1894, and German Letters Patent No. 80,088, dated July 23,1894) of which the following is a specification.

My invention has relation to centrifugal machines; and it relates particularly to driving mechanism for such machines.

The principal objects of my invention are, first, to provide a simple, durable, and efficient mechanism for actuating centrifugal machines, such as are employed for bacteriolog ical investigations and for examinations of lacteal and other fluids; second, to provide a driving mechanism for such machines that in the actuation of the same means are brought into action for storing up energy to permit of a further hand manipulation of the mechanism to cause actuation of the machine for intended purposes, and, third, to provide a centrifugal machine with actuating means manually operated to not only cause a centrifugal action of the machine, but also a storage of energy sufficient to permit of the operation of the machine.

My present invention consists of the improvements in centrifugal machines hereinafter described and claimed.

The nature and scope of my invention will be more fully understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, and in which- Figure 1 is a view, partly in section and partly in elevation, of a driving mechanism embodying features of my present invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 00 a; of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an elevational View of the under side of the top plate of the housing or frame for the driving-shaft. Fig. 1 is an elevational view of Fig. 1, and Fig. 5 is a similar view of the lower end of Fig. 4.

Referring to the drawings, 25 is a frameprovided with a foot i, suitably forked at one end to allow of the connection of the same to a table, window-sill, or the like by means of a h is a grooved roll mounted on the shaft f in such manner as to be afforded a range of vertical movement thereon, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 1. In the upper groove of the roll his secured one end of a steel hand, strap, or the like 2', and in the lower groove of the said roll is mounted a spring 7e, one end of which is connected with the roll h and the other end is led through an opening g and connected with a hook it" of the housing 9, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 4.

lis a pawl controlled by a leaf-spring 8, located in a circular groove 72 at one end of the roll h, which in a certain position of the roll within the housing 9 meshes with a ratchet-wheel m, secured to the driving-shaft f, as clearly illustrated in Figs. 1 and 4.

0 is the top plate of the housing g, provided with an opening for the reception of one end of the roll it, and at the under side thereof is located a spring q, adapted to press the roll it, with its flange 7L2, downward onto a ring 0, which is secured to the other end of the housing g.

To raise the roll it and disengage the pawl Z from the ratchet-wheel an, (illustrated in Fig. 1,) a strap 71 is employed and is provided with a wedge-shaped piece of metal 2'. The housing 9 is provided with a funnel-shaped opening g, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 1. When the strap 2 is released and the wedge shaped piece 2', through the intervention of the spring 70, is drawn inward in the housing g, the projection i of the wedge-shaped piece 2" will be brought into engagement with the grooved part 9 of the opening g. The slanting projection i of the wedge-shaped piece 4 will be brought into engagement with the 5 f, and the roll 7t will thereby be automatically detached from the shaft f. By drawing outwardly the strapt' the wedge-shaped piece 1." will be disengaged from the opening g, and the grooved roll it will be allowed to move downward by its own weight, and the pawl Z will thus be brought again into engagement with the ratchet-wheel m.

The mode of operation of the driving mechanism for a centrifugal machine as hereinbefore described is as follows: A drum (not shown) to be located at the upper end of the shaft f is filled with a fluid to be examined. The pawl Z of the roll his then brought into engagement with the ratchet-wheel m of the shaft f, and, the said roll it contacting with the rim 0 by the pressure of the spring q against the same, the strap or steel spring a is then drawn at its free end outward and the roll h thereby set in rotation, which by means of the pawl land the ratchet-wheelm is transferred to the shaft f and then to the drum rotated by the said shaft in one direction. The spring 7t, through said rotation, is simultaneously wound up. After the release of the strapor spring 1 the roll it is set in rotation in a reverse direction. The strap twill by this time be wound up again and ready to actuate said shaft in the manner hereinbefore described. By pulling the strap vi the shaft 3 5 f and also the drum, (not shown,) through the intervention of the spring 70, will be set in rapid rotation in one direction until the examination of the liquid in the drum has been completed. The actuation of the pull or handle 19 will cause the roll h to be elevated and the pawl Z to be disengaged from the ratchetwheel on and the driving mechanism and drum hereinbefore explained brought to a standstill.

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, of a revoluble shaft having a grooved roll mounted thereon, a strap with a wedge-shaped device, a spring connected with said roll, a pawl-and-ratchet connection between said shaft and roll and means controlled by the wedge-shaped device of saidstrap to disengage said roll from said shaft, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. The combination, of a shaft provided with a roll controlled by a pawl-and-ratchet connection, a strap provided with a wedgeshaped device, a housing provided with an opening, a spring connected with said roll, and means controlled by said strap and its wedge-shaped device to actuate said shaft and to disengage said roll therefrom, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. The combination, of a frame provided with a shaft, a grooved roll mounted on said shaft and having a band or strap and a leafspring connected therewith, a spring-actuated pawl-and-ratchet connection with said shaft, a wedge -shaped device adapted to release the roll from its connection with said shaft, a pull or handle, and a spring connected with said roll, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANZ HUGERSHOFF.

WVitnesses:

RUDOLPH FRICKE, BENNo HoLLER. 

